LEGAL STUDY ON THE STATUS AND RIGHTS OF CRIME VICTIMS IN THE INDONESIAN CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM
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Abstract
Background. The principle of presumption of innocence, from a legal and investigative standpoint, is an application of the acquisitoir principle. This principle positions a suspect as a subject, rather than an object, of the investigation. It means that a suspect must be treated with respect, dignity, and self-worth.
Objectives. Based on this context, this research aims to answer the following questions: How is the presumption of innocence applied during the investigation process at the Kuningan Police Station? What are the supporting and hindering factors in its implementation?
Methodology. This study employs a normative juridical approach. The initial step involves a fundamental legal inventory of positive law. This is followed by a systematic analysis of the legal framework to identify core concepts and legal principles. The research also examines legal principles that guide the application of sanctions and the fundamental principles of criminal law.
Results. The findings show that police investigators at the Kuningan Police Station have applied the presumption of innocence, though not yet optimally. The principle's presence in law enforcement is vital.
Conclusion. The Indonesian Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) has established a set of rights that law enforcement officials must respect and protect. The presumption of innocence is a cornerstone of a fair legal process (due process of law). This includes: a) protection from arbitrary actions by state officials; b) the right of a court to determine guilt; c) the requirement for open, non-secret trials; and d) the guarantee that suspects and defendants are given a full opportunity to defend themselves.
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