Furnace Engine Modification to Lower Power

. Furnace machine or heating furnace is a tool used for heat treatment processes or usually called heat treatment, furnace machines have several types from the beginning found furnace machines, namely induction furnaces/conventional furnaces and then transformed into electric furnaces, electric furnaces are more often used for processes heat treatment because it is cleaner compared to the convection furnace.The furnace machine requires 5000 watts of power, 13.1A. to reach the temperature of 8000 takes 7296 seconds. Furnace machine testing is by quenching using ST-42 steel which is held at 6000 and varying time, the first test material is not treated with heat traetment, for the second test material with a variation of 15 minutes, third 30, fourth 60, fifth 90, sixth 120 minute. the results of the quenching process were tested using the Brinell and Vickers hardness test methods.


INTRODUCTION
Metallurgy is a field of materials science and engineering that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metal elements, metal intermediate compounds, and metal alloys called alloys or lacquers.Metallurgy is also a metal technology, that is, the application of science in metal production and engineering metal components for use in products intended for consumers and manufacturing industries.Metal production involves processing ores to extract their metal content and combining metals, sometimes with nonmetallic elements, to produce alloys.Metallurgy differs from metal processing crafts, although technical progress in metal processing depends on the development of metallurgical science, as well as technical progress, Engineering is a field of science that relies on the principles of physics, mathematics, chemistry, and engineering application processes handled by the engineering itself to explain in detail the events and analysis of mineral form processing units, metal extraction processes as well as mixtures of materials, analyzing relationships with the behavior of metal properties in their structure.During the process, the process of strengthening or heating the metal occurs with the progress of failure degradation (decrease in resistance) in the metal.(wikipedia.org/metalurgi).
The heat treatment process is an activity to make more strength from the old material, namely the quench process.The primary purpose of the heat treatment process is to create a material whose surface is challenging but still ductile.Electric induction heaters follow the heating principle of alternating electricity (AC).The induction heater is then tested by heat treatment using an ST 37 steel specimen with water media cooling media; the variation of this test is the variable temperature.This induction heater has a temperature capacity of 1200 0C.
The use of metallurgy is quite broad; besides being studied in the field of science education, it is also used in education, engineering, etc.Such as technical practicum, engineering training, processing of excavated materials (such as coal, gold, metals, etc.), metal extraction processes, metal refining, metal heat at the stage of metal formation, and study of operating technology and its design based on metallurgical systems.Purification activities are generally supported by purification tools performed during the failure process, degradation conditions, decrease in material resistance, and changes in material structure.After that, the technical party can conduct an analysis and output from the analysis results based on existing activities (Rizal Agus, 2016).
Furance, often also called a furnace, is a tool used for heating.Its name comes from the Latin Fornax, oven.Sometimes, people also call it a kiln.The furnace itself is often analogous to a furnace as an industrial use used for many things, such as making ceramics, extracting metals from ore (smelting), or in oil refineries and other chemical plants, for example, as a heat source for fractional distillation columns.The furnace is the kitchen as a heat receiver for combustion, which has a fire gate at the bottom as the base for fuel, and around it is a boiler water pipe attached to the wall of the combustion chamber wall that receives heat from the fuel by radiation, conduction, and convection (Kreith F, 1991).
A furnace is equipment used to melt metal for the manufacture of machine parts (casting) or to, heat a material and change its shape (e.g., rolling/rolling, forging) or change its properties (heat treatment).Since the exhaust gases from the fuel are in direct contact with the raw material, the type of fuel chosen is essential.For example, some materials will not melt sulfur in fuel.Solid fuel will produce particulate matter that will interfere with the raw material placed in the furnace.An electric furnace is a heating device that uses a heat source from electricity (wikipedia.org).
Ahadi, Yeyen | 101 Today's conventional furnaces sometimes need more accuracy in process time and temperature.This research aims to make a microcontroller-based electric furnace machine with the primary function of the heating process more accurate to maintain time and temperature.It can be adjusted automatically and on the monitor via LCD.(Supriyanto H, 2015).However, the electric furnace machine has a weakness: the power consumption required is too large, so it requires circuit modification.

METHOD
An electric furnace is a heating equipment whose heat source is from electricity.The advantages of electric furnaces are more precise time accuracy, cleaner than conventional furnaces, and the operator can adjust the temperature for heating.(Suprayitno H, 2015) Every tool/machine always has advantages and disadvantages, as this electric furnace requires a large enough consumption of electrical power.So, a modification process is carried out to reduce the power consumption of the furnace's electric engine.The following is the methodology of the modification process: Preferably, when we make data unmodifying tools, we must require field observations to know what we need; the tools to be modified must be under how many in the field.From field observations of furnaced tools/machines, there is a drawback, namely, the power needed to operate the tool is too large, so it needs to be modified to be used in the field.After obtaining data from the field, the reference is books and journals; after obtaining literature, modifications to the tool are carried out, and experiments are carried out to solve a deficiency of the tool.

Modification Process
To achieve perfection, the furnace engine must be modified, and the modification process includes a series of heating wire elements, namely changing the series of heating wire elements from the star circuit to the delta circuit, with a note that the modification process must be the same as the working principle of the components, to make it easier to understand the circuit, a wiring diagram is designed.The following is the series before modification and after modification.
.    Temperature Achievement Analysis Furnace machines are used for the heat treatment process/heat treatment to achieve perfection and appropriate data, and then engine testing is carried out.In this test using a stopwatch to determine the speed of temperature change of this furnace engine with units of 0C, the following is a comparison of temperature achievement before and after modification.To make it easier to understand, see the comparison in the Gambar 3.1 Flow Chary Identification

Figure 4
Figure 4.2 Elements Before Modification Figure 4.3 Elements After Modification

Figure
Figure 4.4 Constant temperature for 2 hours

Figure
Figure 4.6 Brinell Hardness Test Graph