MBG SAFE Model: Risk-Based Integrated Food Safety Governance Framework in the Supply Chain of the Free Nutritious Meal Program in Indonesia
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background. The Free Nutritious Meal (MBG) program is a national-scale nutrition intervention characterized by mass food production and distribution, which is at high risk if capacity growth is not balanced with competence, infrastructure, and process control.
Objectives. This study aims to identify the root causes of food safety incidents in the MBG supply chain and develop an integrated prevention model for MBG SAFE.
Methods. This study uses a qualitative-descriptive design through a desk review and policy analysis of official documents from the National Nutrition Agency, regulations, incident reports, and scientific literature on HACCP, food handler training, food safety culture, and digital traceability. The analysis used source triangulation, upstream-downstream process mapping, 5M+1E classification, and gap analysis between normative requirements and operational practices.
Results. The results show that these incidents cannot be explained solely by the low level of education among implementers. The root cause is an inconsistent competency system, including competency inequality, kitchen capacity that is not proportional to production load, time pressure, weak supplier verification, non-compliance with time-temperature controls, distribution delays, and supervision that is not fully data-based. The MBG SAFE model is proposed through nine pillars: supplier assurance, position-based competency certification, SPPG capacity accreditation, HACCP per menu, food digital passport, time-temperature control, independent food safety officers, early warning and rapid response, and multi-level audits and enforcement.
Conclusion. The novelty of the research lies in integrating competencies, capacity, breakpoint control, batch traceability, and stop-the-line authority into a single MBG governance architecture.
Implementation. This model can serve as a basis for developing audit instruments, empirical research, and measurable toxicity prevention policies.
Article Details
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